Solid & Engineered
Solid vs. Engineered Wood Flooring: Complete Comparison
Both solid hardwood and engineered wood flooring offer beautiful, natural wood aesthetics, but they differ substantially in structure, performance, and application. Here’s a comprehensive comparison to help you make an informed decision:
Structure & Composition
Solid Hardwood:
- Made from a single piece of hardwood, typically 3/4″ thick
- Milled from a single solid piece of lumber
- 100% natural wood throughout
Engineered Hardwood:
- Consists of multiple layers: real wood veneer on top (typically 1/16″ to 3/16″ thick) bonded to multiple layers of plywood, HDF, or other wood substrate beneath
- Cross-layered construction provides dimensional stability
- Only the top layer is visible hardwood species
Durability & Longevity
Solid Hardwood:
- Can last 100+ years with proper care
- Can be refinished multiple times (typically 5-7 times)
- More susceptible to environmental changes (humidity, temperature)
- Better suited for above-grade installations
- Typical lifespan of 20-40 years depending on quality
- Limited refinishing (0-5 times depending on wear layer thickness)
- Greater resistance to environmental changes
- Can be installed in more varied locations including below grade
Installation
Solid Hardwood:
- Typically nail-down or staple-down installation
- Requires wood subfloor
- More labor-intensive installation
- Needs acclimation period (3-7 days)
Engineered Hardwood:
- Multiple installation methods: float, glue-down, nail-down
- Can be installed over concrete subfloors
- DIY-friendly options available
- Shorter acclimation period (1-3 days)
Moisture & Environment Tolerance
Solid Hardwood:
- High susceptibility to expansion/contraction
- Not recommended for bathrooms, basements, or over radiant heating
- Performs best in climate-controlled environments with stable humidity
Engineered Hardwood:
- Superior dimensional stability
- Can be installed in basements and over radiant heating systems
- Better tolerance for humidity fluctuations
- Some products suitable for bathrooms with proper installation
Cost Considerations
Solid Hardwood:
- Cost per square foot varies for materials
- Higher installation costs ($3-$8 per square foot)
- Higher long-term value due to refinishing potential
Engineered Hardwood:
- There is a lower cost per square foot since less material is required
- Lower installation costs ($3-$5 per square foot)
- Wide price range depending on veneer thickness and quality
Environmental Impact
Solid Hardwood:
- Uses more wood resources per square foot
- Sustainable if sourced from properly managed forests
- Longer lifespan reduces replacement frequency
Engineered Hardwood:
- Uses less premium hardwood per square foot
- Core layers often utilize fast-growing species or wood byproducts
- Manufacturing process requires adhesives and energy
Resale Value
Solid Hardwood:
- Traditionally higher resale value
- Viewed as premium flooring by real estate markets
- Authentic natural material appeal
Engineered Hardwood:
- Increasing acceptance in premium market segments
- Higher-end products with thick veneer layers approaching solid wood in perceived value
- Practical advantages can be selling points
Best Applications
Solid Hardwood:
- Main living areas above grade
- Bedrooms
- Dining rooms
- Traditional or historic homes
- Areas with stable climate conditions
Engineered Hardwood:
- Basements (with proper moisture barriers)
- Over concrete slabs
- Over radiant heating systems
- Areas with humidity fluctuations
- Wider installation flexibility throughout the home
This comparison should help you evaluate which type of wood flooring best suits your specific needs, budget, and installation environment.